GSAT-16 and GSAT-18 are Indian communication satellites launched by the ISRO in December 7, 2014 and October 2016 respectively.
GSAT-16 provides communication services, including broadcasting, telecommunication, and data transmission. It carries 24 transponders in the C-band, 12 in the extended C-band, and another 12 in the Ku-band. Its coverage extends over India and neighboring regions.
GSAT-18 also serves communication needs and has 24 C-band, 12 extended C-band, and 12 Ku-band transponders. It covers India and parts of the Middle East. GSAT-18 enhances telecommunication, broadcasting, and broadband services.
Both satellites play crucial roles in expanding connectivity, broadcasting educational content, and supporting various communication services across India.
NSIL manages satellite capacity allocation through a structured process that involves coordination, agreements, and efficient utilization. NSIL collaborates closely with the ISRO, which operates and maintains a fleet of communication satellites (e.g., GSAT series). NSIL works with ISRO to allocate transponder capacity from these satellites.
Further, the entities (government departments, private companies, broadcasters) express their requirements for satellite capacity. NSIL negotiates agreements with these users. Agreements specify the duration, bandwidth, and other terms.
In the allocation process, NSIL allocates transponders based on users' service areas (e.g., state governments, educational institutions) and Frequency Band — C-band, Ku-band, etc.
NSIL balances commercial interests (leasing capacity to private entities) with social objectives (broadcasting educational content, rural connectivity). For example, providing GSAT-16 and GSAT-18 capacity to state governments for educational broadcasting.
NSIL monitors transponder usage, ensuring optimal resource allocation. It adjusts capacity based on changing demands and priorities.
Essentially, the Satellite capacity allocation involves distributing available transponder resources on a satellite to various users or service providers. Satellites have transponders, which are communication channels that receive signals from Earth, amplify them, and retransmit them back. Each transponder operates within a specific frequency band (e.g., C-band, Ku-band).
Different frequency bands serve different purposes. For instance, C-band is used for broadcasting, telecommunications, and data services. Ku-band is commonly used for direct-to-home (DTH) TV broadcasting and broadband internet.
Organizations (telecom companies, broadcasters, etc.) lease transponder capacity from satellite operators. They pay for the right to use a specific transponder or a portion of its bandwidth.
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